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苦参是一种用于治疗多种疾病的传统中药材,苦参碱类生物碱是其主要的活性物质,既有药用价值又有杀虫效果。作者利用超临界二氧化碳(SC-CO2)去除苦参中的脂溶性物质,建立了节能环保的后续苦参碱提取工艺。检测了脂溶性物质(R1)和苦参总碱(R2)的得率;评价了超临界流体萃取(SFE)过程的参数,如压力、温度、时间对R1和R2的影响,并与直接溶剂萃取进行对照。结果显示,使用本法所得苦参总碱的平均产率比直接用溶剂萃取高72%,在压力为12~18 MPa、温度60~75℃、萃取时间2 h下苦参碱得率较高。
Sophora flavescens is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used to treat various diseases. Matrine alkaloids are the main active substances, which have both medicinal value and insecticidal effect. The author uses supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) to remove fat-soluble substances in Sophora flavescens and establish a subsequent extraction process of energy-saving and environmental-friendly matrine. The yields of lipophilic substances (R1) and matrine (R2) were measured. Parameters such as pressure, temperature and time of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were evaluated and compared with direct solvents Extract for comparison. The results showed that the average yield of total alkaloids obtained by this method was 72% higher than that obtained by direct solvent extraction. Under the conditions of pressure 12 ~ 18 MPa, temperature 60 ~ 75 ℃ and extraction time 2 h, the yield of matrine was higher .