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甲烷经催化氧化偶联或二聚制C_2烃(乙烯、乙烷),是近年来各国竞先研究的课题。本文介绍了这一领域的国外最新进展。国外研究过上百种催化剂,对反应温度、压力、原料配比、空速等因素进行过考察,在常压、700—800℃条件下,甲烷转化率为10—37.8%,C_2烃选择性一般为50—70%,最高可达93%,C_2烃时空产率最高可达2.98mol·g~(-1)·h~(-1)。本文并介绍了催化剂酸碱性的影响规律、对自由基的光谱测定及C_2烃形成的几种可能机理。
Catalytic oxidative coupling or dimerization of methane to C2 hydrocarbons (ethylene and ethane) has been the subject of study in various countries in recent years. This article describes the latest developments abroad in this area. Hundreds of catalysts were studied abroad, and the reaction temperature, pressure, ratio of raw materials and space velocity were investigated. The methane conversion was 10-37.8% at atmospheric pressure and 700-800 ℃, Generally 50-70%, up to 93%, C_2 hydrocarbon space-time yield up to 2.98mol · g -1 -1 h -1. In this paper, the influence of the catalyst on the acidity and basicity, the determination of the free radical and the possible mechanism of C_2 hydrocarbon formation were introduced.