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戊戌变法时期,康有为的《新学伪经考》与《孔子改制考》动摇了传统经学学术体系。20世纪初,西方学术观念和方法如潮水般输入中国,与经学体系的崩溃相结合,逐渐主导中国学术界。历经辛亥革命前后的变迁,在1920年后,逐渐形成三种相对成熟的学术观念和方法,即学术守成派、西化派与马克思主义学派,推动了中国学术的现代化步伐。各学派都有代表著作问世,为现代中国学术奠定了初步的范式。辛亥革命在学术变迁中具有重要影响,革命前的民族危机和民主共和等西方观念的传播,加速了传统学术的瓦解;革命后中国和世界的局势,促使人们在学术领域继续反思。
During the period of the Reform Movement of 1898, Kang Youwei’s “New Study of Confucian Classics” and “Confucius Restructuring” shaken the academic system of traditional Confucian classics. At the beginning of the 20th century, western academic ideas and methods were imported into China in a flood of tide, combining with the collapse of classical learning system and gradually leading Chinese academia. After the Revolution of 1911, three comparatively mature academic concepts and methods gradually emerged after 1920, namely, the academic conservatism, the Westernization School and the Marxist school, which promoted the pace of academic modernization in China. Each school has a representative work published, laid the initial paradigm for modern Chinese scholarship. The Revolution of 1911 has an important influence on academic changes. The pre-revolutionary national crisis and the spread of Western ideas such as democratic republics have accelerated the disintegration of traditional academic systems. After the revolution, the situation in China and the world has prompted people to continue to reflect on their academic fields.