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交通拥堵的上升趋势、环境保护的紧迫性以及道路的安全问题是世界各地许多城市考虑发展新型公共交通(简称公交)系统的主要原因。本文介绍新型或称改良的公交系统,围绕其主要因素和挑战展开探讨。选择公共交通工具抑或私人交通工具,这是受政府决策或社区决策影响的个体决策行为。政府和社区的决策向乘坐公共交通工具的乘客和潜在的使用者所发出的信号往往是混乱的,无法实现公交系统范围内的整合。本文描述了当前公交实践的状况,分析了人们使用公交与否的原因,包括付费的意愿、可行性和预测性、欧洲及北美成功的新举措以及实现多式联运服务的整合。文章最后还借鉴了新西兰奥克兰市的经验作为全文的总结。
The rising trend of traffic jams, the urgency of environmental protection and the road safety are the main reasons why many cities around the world consider developing a new type of public transport system. This article introduces a new or improved bus system that explores its main elements and challenges. Choosing public transport or private transportation is an individual decision-making behavior that is influenced by government decisions or community decisions. The signals from government and community decision-making to passengers and potential users of public transport are often disorganized and can not be integrated within the bus system. This article describes the current state of public transport practices and analyzes the reasons why people use public transport, including willingness to pay, feasibility and predictability, successful new initiatives in Europe and North America, and the integration of intermodal services. Finally, the article also draws on the experience of Auckland, New Zealand as a summary of the full text.