原发性小肠肿瘤是一种少见疾患,占消化道肿瘤的0.6～3.6％。由于发病率低,对其认识又不足,加上目前对小肠的检查方法尚有一定的局限性,因而误诊率高。我院外科自1956～1984年间共收治经手术及病理证实的原发性小肠肿瘤47例,其中术前误诊者达38例(80.9％)。本文重点分析误诊原因,并讨论提高诊断率的措施。 Primary small bowel cancer is a rare disorder that accounts for 0.6 to 3.6% of digestive tract tumors. Due to the low incidence, the lack of awareness of the disease, coupled with the current limitations of the small bowel examination methods, and thus the high rate of misdiagnosis. In our hospital, from 1956 to 1984, 47 cases of primary small bowel tumors confirmed by surgery and pathology were treated. Among them, 38 cases (80.9%) were misdiagnosed before surgery. This article focuses on analyzing the causes of misdiagnosis and discusses measures to increase the diagnostic rate.