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目的观察外源性雌激素对去势后雌性大鼠下丘脑视上核(SON)一氧化氮合酶(NOS)阳性神经元分布的影响。方法选用2～3月龄、健康未交配的雌性大鼠40只;动物分组如下:对照组大鼠20只,分为正常对照组(n=10)和实验对照组(卵巢切除术后,n=10)。实验组(即卵巢切除术后肌肉注射雌激素组)20只,造模成功后,分别于术后40d(即给药一个月)和术后70d(即给药两个月)陆续灌注取材。采用SABC法在光学显微镜下对下丘脑视上核内NOS阳性神经元进行形态学观察和细胞计数,采用图像分析系统测定NOS阳性神经元内免疫反应产物的平均灰度值。结果卵巢切除术后对照组大鼠下丘脑视上核NOS阳性神经元的密度明显增高,细胞比正常对照组有所增大(P<0.05)。去势后补充雌激素1个月组的大鼠与正常对照组和卵巢切除组相比较,视上核内NOS阳性神经元的密度及形态均无明显改变(P>0.05)。去势后补充雌激素两个月组与实验对照组相比较,无论NOS阳性神经元的密度还是阳性神经元胞体的大小均显著下降(P<0.05),细胞着色变浅。结论外源性雌激素可能影响去势雌性大鼠下丘脑视上核NOS阳性神经元的分布和表达。
Objective To investigate the effect of exogenous estrogen on the distribution of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) positive neurons in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SON) in ovariectomized female rats. Methods Forty female rats were randomly divided into normal control group (n = 10) and experimental control group (n = 10 after ovariectomy, n = 10). Twenty experimental rats were injected intramuscularly with estrogen after ovariectomy. After successful modeling, they were continuously instilled after 40 days (one month) and 70 days (two months after operation). The morphology and cell counts of NOS positive neurons in supraoptic nucleus of hypothalamus were observed under optical microscope with SABC method. The average gray value of immune reaction products in NOS positive neurons was determined by image analysis system. Results After ovariectomy, the density of NOS positive neurons in the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus of rats in the control group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P <0.05). Compared with normal control group and ovariectomized group, the density and morphology of NOS positive neurons in the supraoptic nucleus showed no significant change (P> 0.05) after castrated estrogen for 1 month. Compared with the control group, the density of NOS-positive neurons and the size of positive neuronal soma were significantly decreased (P <0.05), and the staining of cells became lighter. Conclusion Exogenous estrogen may influence the distribution and expression of NOS positive neurons in supraoptic nucleus of ovariectomized female rats.