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针对放顶煤工作面顶煤破碎问题,分析了煤层埋深、煤层厚度、煤体中的节理和裂隙等煤层赋存状况,支承压力、顶板活动、支架支承应力以及开挖卸荷等外界压力作用对顶煤的破碎影响。在分析顶煤破碎机理研究现状的基础上,提出了应加强顶煤节理裂隙原位精准探测技术,实现顶煤可视化;应深入研究支架对顶煤的破碎机理;提出了从能量角度考虑顶煤充分破碎必要条件的思路,为提高顶煤破碎程度及煤炭采出率奠定理论基础。
Aiming at the problem of top coal crushing in caving working face, the authors analyzed the occurrence conditions of coal seam, such as coal seam depth, thickness of coal seam, joints and fissures in coal body, supporting pressure, roof movement, support stress of support and external pressure of excavation unloading Effect on the top coal crushing. Based on the analysis of the research status of the top coal crushing mechanism, the paper puts forward that the accurate detection technology of top coal joint fissures should be strengthened to realize the top coal visualization. The crushing mechanism of top coal should be studied in depth. Fully broken the necessary conditions for ideas, to improve the degree of top coal crushing and coal mining rate laid the theoretical foundation.