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目的了解胎龄小于32周早产儿(超早产儿和极早产儿)喂养不耐受的发生率,并探讨喂养不耐受的高危因素。方法回顾性分析2014年1月-2015年6月于南京市妇幼保健院新生儿科NICU住院的231例极、超早产儿的喂养不耐受情况,并对相关因素进行分析。结果 231例胎龄小于32周早产儿喂养不耐受发病率为42.9%。单因素分析发现胎龄、使用氨茶碱、败血症、肺炎、输血与早产儿喂养不耐受有关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析示败血症为早产儿喂养不耐受的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论早产儿喂养不耐受的高危因素众多,其发病机制复杂,采取综合防治措施是控制早产儿喂养不耐受的最佳策略。
Objective To investigate the incidence of feeding intolerance in preterm infants less than 32 weeks gestational age (premature infants and very premature infants) and to explore the risk factors of feeding intolerance. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the feeding intolerance of 231 ultra-premature infants who were hospitalized in neonatal NICU in Nanjing MCH from January 2014 to June 2015, and analyzed the related factors. Results The incidence of feeding intolerance in 231 preterm infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks was 42.9%. Univariate analysis found that gestational age, the use of aminophylline, sepsis, pneumonia, blood transfusions and premature infants intolerant (P <0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that sepsis was a risk factor for feeding intolerance in preterm infants (P <0.05). Conclusion There are many risk factors for feeding intolerance in premature infants. The pathogenesis of this syndrome is complex. Comprehensive prevention and control measures are the best strategies to control the feeding intolerance in premature infants.