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本文研究了香蕉园红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren的年发生动态、日发生动态、红火蚁活动蚁巢数量的变化规律、蚁巢体积的变化以及蚁群结构的季节性变化。结果表明香蕉园内红火蚁工蚁觅食数量全年的波动较大,5月和10月是红火蚁活动的两个高峰期,5月觅食活动最盛,1月觅食活动最弱。红火蚁在一天之中随温度的升高,觅食活动增强,但温度太高,会抑制其出巢觅食。春秋季节9:00～11:00和13:00～15:00、冬季13:00～15:00及夏季7:00～9:00和17:00～19:00时段较适宜其觅食。3月至6月份,蚁巢数量迅速增长,到6月份达全年的最大值,蚁巢体积也增长迅速,到9月份达全年最大值。对蚁群结构的季节性动态研究表明,春秋季节蚁群数量较大,冬季蚁群数量明显减少。红火蚁蚁群中以小型工蚁、工蚁幼虫和工蚁蛹所占比例较大,其它品级所占比例较小。
In this paper, we study the annual dynamics of the Solenopsis invicta Buren, the dynamics of the occurrence, the variation of the number of ant nests, the change of the nest size and the seasonal changes of the ant colonies. The results showed that the number of worker flies in banana plantations varied greatly throughout the year. May and October were the two peak periods for the activity of Solenopsis frigidae. The foraging activity was the highest in May and the weakest in January. Red fire ants in the day with the temperature increases, foraging activity increased, but the temperature is too high, it will inhibit the nest foraging. Spring and autumn 9: 00 ~ 11: 00 and 13: 00 ~ 15: 00, winter 13: 00 ~ 15: 00 and summer 7: 00 ~ 9: 00 and 17: 00 ~ 19: 00 period is more suitable for feeding. From March to June, the number of ant nests increased rapidly and reached the maximum of the full year in June. The nest area also grew rapidly, reaching the full-year maximum in September. The seasonal dynamic study on the structure of the colony shows that there are a large number of colony in spring and autumn and a significant decrease in the number of ant colony in winter. The proportion of small-scale worker ants, worker ants larvae and worker ants in pupae is larger, and the proportions of other grades are smaller.