论文部分内容阅读
目的:探讨慢性肾衰竭患者应用头孢菌素后出现抗生素脑病的机制、临床表现及应对策略。方法:回顾2010年3月~2013年3月25例使用头孢菌素后出现抗生素脑病的慢性肾衰竭患者的临床资料,分析其发生抗生素脑病的相关因素及临床特点。结果:引起抗生素脑病的头孢菌素种类较多,最常见的为头孢他啶。起病多在使用头孢菌素3~6 d后,症状多样而无特异性,老年患者症状尤重。结论:慢性肾衰竭患者使用头孢菌素易出现抗生素脑病,使用中需严格按照肾小球滤过率调整剂量。一旦出现抗生素脑病需立刻停药,给予对症处理或加强血液透析。经正确处理大部分患者可恢复。
Objective: To investigate the mechanism, clinical presentation and coping strategies of antibiotic encephalopathy in patients with chronic renal failure after cephalosporin administration. Methods: The clinical data of 25 patients with chronic renal failure who had antibiotic encephalopathy after using cephalosporin from March 2010 to March 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. The related factors and clinical features of antibiotic encephalopathy were analyzed. Results: There were more cephalosporins that caused antibiotic encephalopathy, the most common being ceftazidime. Mostly in the use of cephalosporin 3 ~ 6 d after onset, the symptoms varied and non-specific, particularly severe symptoms in elderly patients. Conclusion: The use of cephalosporins in patients with chronic renal failure prone to antibiotic encephalopathy, use should be strictly in accordance with glomerular filtration rate adjustment dose. In the event of antibiotic encephalopathy need immediate withdrawal, give symptomatic treatment or enhance hemodialysis. After the correct treatment of most patients can be restored.