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目的探讨开放式病房中抑郁症患者的自杀、自伤风险的评估及防范措施。方法选取2016年5-10月于肇庆市第三人民医院医学心理科开放式病房收治的抑郁症患者共60例。使用自杀风险评估、精神科护理风险评估和抑郁自评量表对其进行评估,并根据评估结果对存在风险的项目进行加强干预和重点护理。结果轻度抑郁症患者12例(20.0%),中度抑郁症患者34例(56.7%),重度抑郁症患者14例(23.3%)。不同抑郁程度患者的自杀风险等级,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),重度抑郁症患者的高自杀风险患者显著多于轻度抑郁症和中度抑郁症患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同程度抑郁症患者在自伤、外走和冲动伤人毁物的风险,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对开放式病房中抑郁患者使用自杀风险评估、精神科护理风险评估和抑郁自评量表,能够了解其自杀、自伤潜在风险,并在薄弱环节加强护理干预,有助于减少该类患者自杀、自伤等恶性行为的发生。
Objective To investigate the risk assessment and prevention of suicide and self-injury in patients with depression in open ward. Methods A total of 60 patients with depression who were admitted to Open Ward of Medical Psychology Department of the Third People ’s Hospital of Zhaoqing from May to October, 2016 were selected. Use suicide risk assessment, psychiatric care risk assessment and depression self-rating scale to assess them, and based on the assessment results of the risk of strengthening the project intervention and intensive care. Results 12 (20.0%) patients with mild depression, 34 (56.7%) patients with moderate depression, and 14 (23.3%) patients with severe depression. There were significant differences in suicide risk among patients with different levels of depression (P <0.05). Patients with severe depression had significantly higher risk of suicide than those with mild depression and moderate depression (P <0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the risk of self-injury, outside-going and impulsive injuries among patients with different degrees of depression (P <0.05). Conclusion The use of suicide risk assessment, psychiatric nursing risk assessment and depression self-rating scale in depression in open ward can understand the potential risk of suicide and self-injury and strengthen nursing intervention in the weakness, which will help to reduce such patients Suicide, self-injury and other vicious acts.