“学生作文能不能虚构?”关系到如何准确、全面地理解《中学语文教学大纲》中提出的“从实际出发”的问题.“从实际出发”不是一句抽象的教条.不能这样认为:学生作文若有超出其本人生活原型之处便是不真实、不实事求是了.“实际”是客观存在的社会现实,“出发”是说从这存在着的现实开始,只有这样才能“有的放矢”.为此,学生初写作文时要求他们写“耳闻目睹”(甚至更强调“目睹”)的事,这是必要的,只有从这儿开始,才可能根据自己的真切感受,写出较为感人的文章来.我们说“从实际出发”正是建立在这个意义上的. “Whether student essays can be fictional?” relates to how to accurately and comprehensively understand the problem of “starting from reality” proposed in the “Chinese Syllabus for Middle Schools”. “Starting from reality” is not an abstract dogma. It cannot be considered as a student essay. If there is a place beyond its own life prototype, it is untrue and unrealistic. The “real” is the social reality that exists objectively, and the “starting” means that from this existing reality, only in this way can it be “targeted”. It is necessary for students to write “reading and witnessing” (even emphasizing “witnesses”) when they write. It is only necessary to write more moving articles based on their true feelings. It is precisely in this sense that we say “starting from reality.”