一、问题的提出建于山区、半山区的小型水电站,为利用天然河床比降大、流量小的特点,常采用引水式开发,为集中落差要修建几公里甚至十几公里的引水建筑物,因此,在引水式电站的总投资中,水工建筑物有时占70％以上,其中引水建筑物又占主要部分。无压引水式建筑物型式的选择,应根据地形、地质、水力和施工条件确定,当通过 I. PROBLEM PROBLEMS Small-scale hydropower stations built in the mountainous and semi-mountainous areas are often used for water diversion to develop the water diversion structures that use natural river beds to decrease and flow rates to be small. In order to concentrate divergences, water diversion structures of several kilometers or even ten kilometers should be built, Therefore, of the total investment in diversion stations, hydraulic structures sometimes account for more than 70% of which diversion structures account for the major part. The choice of non-pressure diversion type of buildings should be based on topography, geology, hydraulic and construction conditions to determine when passed