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川南古叙矿区某矿在基建过程中多次揭露大型导水陷落柱或溶洞,导致突水事故。该矿煤系地层底板为茅口组灰岩,岩溶发育,富水性强,为煤层的直接充水含水层。依据地表水和地下水的水质特征,结合连通试验,分析了矿区地表水和地下水的补给关系,并讨论了地下水水质的成因及其对茅口组灰岩岩溶发育的影响。结果表明,地表水水质为含可溶性固体少的HCO3-Ca型水,呈中性—弱碱性;地下水水质以含可溶性固体少的SO4·HCO3-Ca型水为主,呈酸性—中性,次为含可溶性固体少的SO4-Ca型水。地表水与地下水相互补给,呈酸性的地下水水质源于硫铁矿层的溶解和氧化,对茅口组灰岩岩溶发育有强烈的促进作用。此结果对防治矿井水害具有一定的指导意义。
During the construction of a mine, a large-scale aqueduct collapsible column or karst cave has been exposed many times in a mine in the ancient Xuzhou-Kuang mining area, resulting in a sudden water inrush accident. The mine coal-bed strata are Maokou limestone with karst development and strong water-bearing capacity, which is the direct water-filled aquifer of coal seam. According to the water quality characteristics of surface water and groundwater, combined with the connectivity test, the relationship between surface water supply and groundwater supply is analyzed. The cause of groundwater quality and its influence on karst development of limestone in Maokou Formation are discussed. The results showed that the surface water quality was HCO3-Ca type water with little soluble solids, which was neutral-weakly alkaline. The groundwater quality was mainly acidic-neutral with SO4 · HCO3-Ca type water containing less soluble solids, Secondary with less soluble solids SO4-Ca-type water. Surface water and groundwater complement each other. Acidic groundwater quality is derived from the dissolution and oxidation of pyrite layers and strongly promotes the karst development of limestone in Maokou Formation. This result has certain guiding significance for preventing and controlling mine water damage.