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目的:探讨我国不同胎龄胎儿头围孕周均值时间段变化趋势及性别差异规律。方法:根据1986年中国15城市不同胎龄新生儿调查数据和刘惠龙等2005年深圳不同胎龄初生儿体格发育调查数据进行综合分析。结果:在孕28～42周胎龄段,2005年深圳初生儿头围孕周均值低于1986年中国15城市新生儿头围孕周均值,平均每个孕周均值减少0.2 cm。2005年深圳不同胎龄初生儿男与女头围孕周均值比较,在17个孕周分组中,除孕32、43周男低于女外,其余的15个孕周都是男高于女,平均每个孕周男比女增加0.5 cm。经t检验,P<0.01、<0.05占多数。结论:在孕28～42周胎龄段,2005年深圳不同胎龄初生儿(男+女)头围孕周均值低于1986年中国15城市头围孕周均值。我国不同胎龄胎儿头围发育均值明显受到籍贯因素的影响,存在北部省份均值高南部省份均值低的地区性差异,而时间段(1986～2005年)增长趋势不明显。我国不同胎龄胎儿头围孕周均值存在明显男高女低的性别差异规律。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changing trend and gender differences of gestational weeks in different gestational age fetuses in China. Methods: According to the survey data of neonates with different gestational age in 15 cities of China in 1986 and the survey data of physical development of neonates with different gestational age in Shenzhen in 2005, such as Liu Huilong, etc., a comprehensive analysis was conducted. Results: In gestational age range of 28-42 weeks, the average gestational weeks of newborns in Shenzhen in 2005 was lower than that of newborns in 15 cities in China in the year of 2005, with an average reduction of 0.2 cm per gestational week. In 2005, gestational weeks in Shenzhen of different gestational age newborns male and female head circumference compared mean, in 17 gestational weeks group, in addition to 32, 43 weeks pregnant men than female, the remaining 15 gestational weeks are men than women , An average of 0.5 cm per male than male. After t test, P <0.01, <0.05 accounted for the majority. CONCLUSION: The gestational age at gestational age ranged from 28 to 42 weeks of pregnancy in 2005, and gestational age at birth in Shenzhen in 2005 (male + female) were lower than those in 1986 in China. The mean head development of fetuses with different gestational age in China was significantly affected by native factors. There was a regional difference in mean of southern provinces with high average value in the northern provinces, while the growth trend was not obvious in the time period (1986-2005). There are obvious gender differences in male and female with different gestation gestational ages in different gestational age fetuses in China.