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竞争政策广义上是指可以影响一国内部或国家间竞争条件或竞争环境的政策,包括贸易政策、宏观调控政策以及一切与市场竞争相关的政策法规。而狭义的竞争政策则是指用以规范企业间联合,防止企业为取得并巩固市场地位而滥用的不公平竞争行为的政策法规,如我国的《反不公平竞争法》。正是由于竞争政策的制订通常会从宏观和微观两个不同的层面制约和影响一国产业或产品的市场竞争力,进而对该国的贸易产生较大影响,因而,竞争政策逐渐被众多世贸组织成员所关注.引入世贸组织谈判议题中,并成为最具争议性的议题之一。
In a broad sense, competition policy refers to policies that can affect the conditions of competition or competition within and among nations, including trade policies, macro-control policies and all the laws and regulations that are relevant to market competition. The narrow competition policy refers to the policies and regulations that regulate the unification of enterprises and prevent enterprises from abusing unfair competition in order to acquire and consolidate their market positions, such as our Anti-Unfair Competition Law. It is precisely because the formulation of competition policy usually restricts and affects the market competitiveness of a country’s industry or product from two different levels, macro and micro, which in turn has a great impact on the country’s trade. Therefore, the competition policy has gradually been replaced by many WTO Organizational members are concerned about the introduction of the WTO negotiations on the issue and become one of the most controversial issues.