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目的了解河北省流行的麻疹野病毒基因型或亚型的特征,为制定加速控制和消除麻疹策略提供科学依据。方法对1994年和2003~2005年分离的26株麻疹病毒进行分子流行病学分析。采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对26株麻疹病毒N基因羧基末端456个核苷酸片段进行扩增,对扩增产物进行核苷酸序列测定和分析,构建基因亲缘关系树,进行遗传距离分析。结果26株麻疹病毒均为H1基因型:1994年在河北省分离到的2株麻疹病毒为H1c亚型,但在2003~2005年未监测到;2003年的1株为H1a亚型;2004年1株为H1a亚型,另1株为H1b亚型;2005年19株为H1a亚型,2株为H1b亚型。2003~2005年的24株麻疹病毒核苷酸同源性为95.6%~100.0%,氨基酸同源性为94.0%~100.0%,平均变异0%~1.6%。结论河北省近年来流行的麻疹病毒以H1a亚型占绝对优势,其次为H1b亚型,H1c亚型可能已经被阻断。河北省流行的麻疹野病毒间存在较大的遗传距离,基因变异校大,河北省与其它省之间存在相同麻疹病毒引起的传播链,不同年份也存在相同麻疹病毒的持续循环传播。
Objective To understand the characteristics of the genotypes or subtypes of wild measles virus in Hebei Province, and to provide a scientific basis for making strategies to speed up the control and eliminate measles. Methods The molecular epidemiology of 26 measles viruses isolated in 1994 and 2003-2005 were analyzed. A total of 456 nucleotide fragments of the 26 N genes of measles virus were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The nucleotide sequences of the amplified products were determined and analyzed. Gene phylogenetic tree , Genetic distance analysis. Results All the 26 measles viruses were H1 genotypes. The 2 isolates of measles virus isolated in Hebei Province in 1994 were H1c subtype but not detected in 2003-2005; 1 strain was H1a subtype in 2003; 1 strain was H1 subtype and 1 strain was H1 subtype. 19 strains were H1a subtype in 2005 and 2 strains were H1 subtype. The homology of 24 measles viruses from 2003 to 2005 was 95.6% -100.0%, the amino acid homology was 94.0% -100.0%, and the average variation was 0% -1.6%. Conclusion The prevalence of measles virus in Hebei Province in recent years is dominated by H1 subtype, followed by H1 subtype, H1c subtype may have been blocked. There is a large genetic distance between the wild measles wild viruses in Hebei Province and large genetic variation. The same measles virus transmission chain exists between Hebei Province and other provinces, and the same circulating virus of measles virus exists in different years.