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随着我国流动人口规模和结构的改变,流动儿童比例不断增加,流动方式由“短期滞留”向“长期居住”转变,流动儿童的教育和健康问题日见突显。主要针对7-14岁的在校流动儿童的健康状况和健康风险进行文献述评。在校流动儿童的健康状况相对户籍儿童差,环境、行为与生活方式、卫生服务利用等方面的风险因素高于户籍儿童。在未来研究中应该更加关注在校流动儿童的健康监测研究、健康影响因素的系统分析、健康行为的多因素分析、相似儿童群体的比较研究等。
With the change of the size and structure of the floating population in our country, the proportion of migrant children has been on the increase. The flow pattern has shifted from “short stay ” to “permanent residence ”, and the education and health of migrant children have become increasingly prominent. The literature reviews the health status and health risks of school-aged children 7-14 years old. The health status of migrant children in school is worse than that of hukou children in terms of environment, behaviors and lifestyles, utilization of health services and so on. In the future, more attention should be paid to the health monitoring of migrant children, the systematic analysis of health factors, the multivariate analysis of health behaviors and the comparative study of similar children groups.