一、前言 江南地区为我国水稻集中产地。其自然区大致可分江湖圩院、河网平原、丘陵和山区四类,而其中丘陵地区水田所占的比重最大,一般各省均占50％左右。但是,这些地区容易受旱,历年平均单位面积产量較平原低25％左右。因此,如何实現有效的机械灌溉,提高这类地区的收成,对我国农业生产有着巨大的意义。 I. Preface Jiangnan area is the concentrated origin of rice in China. Its natural area can be roughly divided into four categories: rivers and lakes, river plains, hills and mountains, of which the largest proportion of paddy fields in hilly areas, generally each province accounts for about 50%. However, these areas are prone to drought and the average yield per unit area over the years is about 25% lower than that of the plain. Therefore, how to achieve effective mechanical irrigation and increase the harvest in such areas is of great significance to China’s agricultural production.