目的了解陶瓷行业在岗期间接触职业病危害因素农民工的职业禁忌证发病特征,做好预防职业禁忌证,保护农民工的健康。方法采用职业健康检查方法,对佛山市三水区38家陶瓷企业中的接触职业病危害因素的8 355例农民工进行职业禁忌证的调查。结果接触职业病危害因素的农民工9 071例,实检人数8 355例,受检率92.11%;检出职业禁忌证者155例,检出率1.86%;155例职业禁忌证中,属粉尘作业禁忌证者62例(40.0%),其中以活动性肺结核病居多(60/62);高温作业禁忌证者56例(36.13%),其中以高血压病为主(24/56);噪声作业禁忌证者37例(23.87%),其中多数为传导性耳聋者(31/37);未检出化学物(一氧化碳、二氧化硫、苯系物、硫化氢)作业禁忌证者。经统计学分析,不同企业类型、企业规模的职业禁忌证检出率及其分布构成比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论陶瓷行业农民工职业禁忌证发病特征为检出率低,粉尘和高温作业职业禁忌证构成比较高,粉尘作业禁忌证以活动性肺结核病为主,高温作业禁忌证以高血压病居多,噪声作业禁忌证以传导性耳聋者占优。 Objective To understand the incidence characteristics of occupational contraindications for migrant workers exposed to occupational hazards in the ceramic industry during the period of their posts in the ceramic industry and to prevent occupational contraindications and protect the health of migrant workers. Methods A total of 8355 migrant workers exposed to occupational hazards in 38 ceramic enterprises in Sanshui District of Foshan City were investigated by occupational health examination. Results Nine hundred and seventy-seven cases of migrant workers exposed to occupational hazards were found, with the actual number of examinees being 8355. The detection rate was 92.11%. 155 cases with occupational contraindications were detected, the detection rate was 1.86%. Among 155 cases of occupational contraindications, 56 cases (36.13%) were contraindicated in high temperature work, including hypertension (24/56); noise work Contraindications were found in 37 cases (23.87%), most of whom were conductive deafness (31/37). No contraindications were found for chemicals (carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, benzene series, hydrogen sulfide). After statistical analysis, the detection rate of occupational contraindications and the distribution ratio of occupational contraindications in different types and sizes of enterprises were all statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The incidence of occupational contraindications for migrant workers in ceramic industry is characterized by low detection rate, relatively high occupational contraindications for dust and high temperature work, contraindicated dust operation mainly for active pulmonary tuberculosis, high temperature work contraindications to hypertension, and noise Job contraindications dominated by conductive deafness.