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以渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲种棉土壤表层养分及其空间分布特征作为主要研究对象,对各养分元素之间进行相关性分析,研究优化调节土壤养分与作物生长的关系,为合理利用土壤养分资源,制定精确的施肥管理措施等方面提供科学依据。采用统计学,地统计学和空间分析方法,在SPSS20.0和surfer8.0软件的支持下,研究植棉土壤养分中的有机质,全氮,碱解氮,有效磷,缓效钾,速效钾等养分元素之间进行相关性分析和正态分布的检验。研究结果表明:(1)从各养分元素的相关性特征来看库车县的植棉土壤中有机质和全氮、碱解氮,全氮和碱解氮都在0.01相关性水平上呈极显著正相关;沙雅县地区的全氮和有效磷在0.05水平上呈显著正相关,新和县地区的缓效钾和速效钾在0.01水平上呈极显著正相关。(2)研究区植棉土壤p H偏碱性,有机质、全氮、速效钾处于很丰富的状态;碱解氮在属于缺乏;有效磷在该研究区中等;缓效钾丰富。(3)从6种养分元素的正态分布特征来看在3个县的植棉土壤中的都服从正态分布。(4)从研究区6种养分元素的空间分布特征来看:碱解氮在中部区域分布比较丰富,并往南和往北逐渐递减的趋势;全氮和有机质比较均匀的分布;速效钾和缓效钾是北部分布比较多而南部较少,呈现由北向南逐渐递减的趋势;速效钾在北部分布较少,而向东南部逐渐递增的趋势。
Taking the surface soil nutrients and their spatial distribution characteristics of cotton weeds in Weigan-Kuqa delta as oasis as the main research object, the correlation analysis of nutrient elements was carried out to study and optimize the relationship between soil nutrients and crop growth for rational utilization Soil nutrient resources, formulate accurate fertilization management measures to provide scientific basis. With the help of SPSS20.0 and surfer8.0 softwares, the soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, slow-acting potassium, quick-acting potassium And other nutrients between the correlation analysis and test of normal distribution. The results showed as follows: (1) Organic matter and total nitrogen, available nitrogen, total nitrogen and total nitrogen in cotton planting soil in Kuqa County were all significantly correlated at the 0.01 correlation level from the correlation characteristics of various nutrient elements There was a significant positive correlation between total nitrogen and available phosphorus in Shaya County at 0.05 level. There was a significant positive correlation between total available potassium and available potassium at 0.01 level in Xinya County. (2) The soil pH, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen and available potassium in the cotton growing areas in the study area are in a very rich state; the available nitrogen is in the deficiency; the available phosphorus is moderate in the study area; and the slow-acting potassium is abundant. (3) According to the normal distribution characteristics of six kinds of nutrient elements, all the cotton planting in three counties obey normal distribution. (4) According to the spatial distribution characteristics of six nutrient elements in the study area, the distribution of available nitrogen was more abundant in the middle region and gradually decreased in the south and north; the distribution of total nitrogen and organic matter was more uniform; And slow-acting potassium were more in the north and less in the south, showing a decreasing trend from north to south; the available potassium was less distributed in the north and gradually increased in the southeast.