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目的：调查分析湖北省血吸虫病预防控制（血防）机构管理现状，探讨适合县、乡两级血防机构的能力建设标准。方法以县、乡两级血防机构为研究对象，采用定量与定性相结合的方法，对2004年体制改革以来的机构设置、人员编制和职能履行情况进行分析。结果湖北省63个流行区县（市、区）中，血防机构为独立机构的占41.27%（26/63），归并为疾病预防控制中心的占38.10%（24/63），未设机构的占20.63%（13/63）；518个流行乡（镇）的机构配置覆盖率为57.72%（299/518）；人员编制总数为1932人，实际在职在岗的有1586人，空编率为17.91%；6项职能工作的平均开展率为91.48%～71.19%，其中参与辖区血防综合治理项目与效果评估仅为19.23%。结论现有体制下的血防功能管理模式需要制定严谨的行业标准，以约束、指导不同历史时期机构规范管理与能力建设。“,”Objective To investigate the current situation of management of institutions of schistosomiasis prevention and control in Hubei Province so as to explore the probable competency building standards for these institutions at the county and township levels. Methods By using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods the institutions of schistosomiasis prevention and control at county and township levels were investigated for the institutional setup staffing and fulfillment func-tions since the reform of 2004. Results Among 63 schistosomiasis endemic counties cities districts of Hubei Province there were 26 independent schistosomiasis control institutions 41.27% there were 24 institutions which were incorporated in-to CDC 38.10% and there were no institutions in 13 counties 20.63% . Among 518 endemic towns there were 299 institu-tions 57.72% . The total staffing size were 1 932 but there were 1 586 82.09% people actually working in the post and therefore there were 346 17.91% empty positions. The average rates of carrying out the six functions were 91.48%-71.19%but only 19.23%of the institutions participated in the comprehensive schistosomiasis control management project and its effect assessment. Conclusion According to the management model for schistosomiasis control institutions under the current institu-tional mechanisms we need a rigorous industry standard to constrain guide and standardize the management and capacity-building of the institutions in different historical periods.