Influenced by many factors,farmers remain very unfavorable position in market transaction and thus fail to ensure their reasonable benefits.In accordance with basic theory of microeconomics,this paper analyzes mutual relation between market of agricultural means of production and agricultural product market,compares economic decisions of agricultural means of production enterprises and agricultural product circulation service providers in monopoly condition and perfect competitive market,expounds influence of monopoly position of agricultural means of production enterprises and agricultural products service providers on economic benefits of farmers,and elaborates weak position and economic damage of farmers in transaction with various economic entities.Through analysis,it further recognizes necessity for protection of farmers’benefits and puts forward corresponding countermeasures:(1)regulating providers of agricultural means of production;(2)strengthening construction of agricultural product market circulation system;(3)improving organization of farmers;(4)setting up and improving production subsidy system of farmers. Influenced by many factors, farmers remain very unfavorable position in market transaction and therefore failed to ensure their reasonable benefits In accordance with basic theory of microeconomics, this paper analyzes mutual relation between market of agricultural means of production and agricultural product market, comparable of agricultural means of production enterprises and agricultural product circulation veterans and perfect competitive market, expounds influence of monopoly position of agricultural means of production enterprises and agricultural products service providers on economic benefits of farmers, and elaborates weak position and economic damage of farmers in transaction with various economic entities.Through analysis, it further recognizes necessity for protection of farmers’ benefits and puts forward countermeasures: (1) regulating providers of agricultural means of production; (2) strengthening construction of agricultural product market circulation system; (3) improving organization of farmers; (4) setting up and improving production subsidy system of farmers.