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对于孟子的“以意逆志”理论,历来有多种不同见解,这主要是对“意”的理解不同造成的。笔者通过对时代背景的分析,认为“意”就是文本即作品之意。“以意逆志”就是在理解作品字词和句子的基础上,通过字词和句子的意义去把握作者之志。这种理论纠正了当时“断章取义”的阐释偏颇,形成了“意”的多义性,也造成了阅读中对“逆志”法的片面性强调。
There are many different opinions that have always been given to Mencius’s “theory of intentionality”, mainly due to the different comprehension of “meaning”. Through the analysis of the background of the times, the author thinks that “meaning” is the meaning of the text as the artwork. “Intention to retrograde” is to understand the works of words and sentences, based on the meaning of words and sentences to grasp the author’s ambition. This kind of theory corrected the deviation of interpretation at the time of “out of context” and formed the ambiguity of “meaning ”, which also caused one-sided emphasis on the “reverse” method in reading.