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犯罪青少年的矫正教育效果不仅关系到犯罪青少年能否顺利回归社会,更关系到社会的稳定和国家的发展。犯罪青少年的积极心理品质是决定矫正教育效果的关键和核心要素,是矫正教育的基础。为了解当前我国犯罪青少年的积极心理品质状况,本研究使用《中国中小学生积极心理品质量表》调查了409名犯罪青少年和407名普通高中男生,发现:(1)总体而言,犯罪青少年的积极心理品质的认知、意志、情感、乐群、律己、超越六大维度发展状况良好,得分最高的是超越维度,得分最低的是利群维度;(2)在15项积极心理品质中,犯罪青少年发展最好的五项品质为心灵触动、爱、信念与希望、宽容、求知力,发展最差的五项品质为真诚、领导力、洞察力、幽默风趣、创造力;(3)犯罪青少年积极心理品质六大维度的得分和12项具体品质的得分均显著低于普通青少年;(4)犯罪青少年积极心理品质发展稳定,受到家庭结构和受教育程度显著影响。最后,本研究提出培养犯罪青少年积极心理品质的对策。
The effects of corrective education on criminal youth not only relate to the successful return of criminal youth to society, but also to the social stability and national development. The positive psychological quality of criminal adolescents is the key and core factor that determines the effectiveness of education. It is the basis of corrective education. In order to understand the positive psychological quality of criminals in China, this study investigated 409 criminal youths and 407 ordinary high school boys using the “Positive and Mental Quality Scales of Chinese Primary and Secondary School Students”, and found that: (1) Generally speaking, criminal juveniles (2) Among the 15 positive psychological qualities, the positive score of the positive psychology was better than that of the other six positive dimensions. (2) Among the 15 positive psychological qualities, The five best qualities of criminal youth development are sincere, leadership, insight, humor and creativity for the five qualities of soul touching, love, faith and hope, tolerance, knowledge and development; (3) crime (4) The positive psychological quality of criminal adolescents developed stably and was significantly affected by the family structure and educational attainment. (4) The positive psychological quality of adolescents was significantly lower than that of ordinary adolescents. Finally, this study proposes the countermeasures to develop the positive psychological quality of criminal youth.