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目的研究主动外排泵系统qac A/B和杀白细胞素(PVL)在耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)中的流行现状和对MRSA耐药性的影响。方法 PCR扩增qac A/B基因和PVL基因;运用琼脂稀释法检测消毒剂和抗生素的最小抑菌浓度;把MRSA分为4组:在1株MRSA中,qac A/B基因和PVL基因均阳性为第1组(No.1),仅qac A/B阳性为第2组(No.2),仅PVL基因阳性为第3组(No.3),qac A/B基因和PVL基因均阴性为第4组(No.4),采用卡方检验分析数据。结果 qac A/B基因和PVL基因的检出率分别为34.00%(68株)和28.00%(56株),其中No.1、No.2和No.3分别为35株(17.50%)、33株(16.50%)和21株(10.50%);消佳净(1.00 g/L)、碘伏(1.00 g/L)、苯扎溴胺(1.00 g/L)、阿米卡星、环丙沙星、利福平在No.1的耐药率明显高于No.4(P<0.05),这种情况同样存在于No.2与No.4、No.2与No.3、No.1与No.3中。结论 MRSA对消毒剂和阿米卡星等抗生素产生的耐药性与主动外排泵系统qac A/B有关系,而与PVL均无相关性。
Objective To study the epidemic status of active efflux pump qac A / B and leukocidin (PVL) in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and its effect on MRSA resistance. Methods The qac A / B gene and PVL gene were amplified by PCR. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of disinfectants and antibiotics were determined by agar dilution method. MRSA was divided into 4 groups: in 1 MRSA, qac A / B gene and PVL gene Group 1 (No. 1) was positive, Group 2 (No.2) was positive only for qac A / B, Group 3 was positive only for PVL (No.3), both qac A / B and PVL Negative for Group 4 (No.4), using chi-square test analysis of the data. Results The detection rates of qac A / B gene and PVL gene were 34.00% (68 strains) and 28.00% (56 strains) respectively, of which 35 strains (17.50%) were the No.1, No.2 and No.3, 33 strains (16.50%) and 21 strains (10.50%), the best netshine net (1.00 g / L), iodine 1.00 g / L, benzalkonium bromide 1.00 g / The drug resistance rates of ciprofloxacin and rifampicin in No.1 were significantly higher than those in No.4 (P <0.05), which also existed in No.2 and No.4, No.2 and No.3, No.3 .1 and No.3. Conclusions The MRSA resistance to antibiotics such as disinfectants and amikacin is related to qac A / B, an active efflux pump system, but not to PVL.