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上腔静脉综合征(Superior Vena Cava Syndrome, SVCS)首先由Hunter在1757年介绍。现就其病因、诊断及治疗等方面新的认识加以介绍。 上腔静脉(SVC)是躯干上部、两臂及头部血液回流的主要途径。各种外源性,偶或血管内病变,均易引起它的阻塞,进而阻碍头、颈、上胸部及两上肢的血液回流,引起一组特征性表现,临床上称之为上腔静脉综合征。 一、病因:1950年以前的报道,SVCS的主要病因为主动脉瘤和结核性或梅毒性纵隔炎等良性病变,恶性病变只占1/3左右。
Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS) was first introduced by Hunter in 1757. We will introduce new understandings of its causes, diagnosis and treatment. The superior vena cava (SVC) is the main route of blood reflux in the upper trunk, both arms, and the head. All kinds of exogenous, even or intravascular lesions, can easily cause its obstruction, and then hinder the head, neck, upper chest and upper extremity blood reflux, causing a group of characteristic performance, clinically known as superior vena cava synthesis Sign. First, the cause: reported before 1950, SVCS is mainly due to aortic aneurysm and tuberculous or syphilitic mediastinal benign lesions, malignant lesions account for only about 1/3.