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目的了解广州市2013年-2015年霍乱弧菌在外环境水体及水产品中的污染状况,为制定防控策略提供科学依据。方法 2013年-2015年每月均采集广州市水体和水产品样本进行霍乱弧菌培养,对分离得到的阳性菌株进行血清分型、荧光定量PCR检测毒力基因、K-B法药敏试验。结果 2013年-2015年共检测样品1 440份,分离出霍乱弧菌37株,总阳性检出率为2.57%。其中外环境水体监测阳性率为3.61%,水产品监测阳性率为1.53%,蛙类阳性率最高为21.05%。阳性菌株的优势血清型为O1群稻叶型,从水体中检出1株肠毒素阳性。药敏结果显示,对环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、头孢曲松、头孢噻肟未产生耐药。结论广州市水体及水产品存在霍乱弧菌,应加强监测力度,及时了解其污染状况,以便采取有针对性措施预防和控制霍乱的发生和流行。
Objective To understand the status of Vibrio cholerae (Vibrio cholerae) contamination in aquatic environment and aquatic products from 2013 to 2015 in Guangzhou City, and to provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control strategies. METHODS: Samples of water bodies and aquatic products collected from Guangzhou City were collected for Vibrio cholerae culture every month from 2013 to 2015. Serotypes of the isolates were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The drug susceptibility test was performed by K-B method. Results A total of 1 440 samples were collected from 2013 to 2015 and 37 strains of Vibrio cholera were isolated. The total positive detection rate was 2.57%. Among them, the positive rate of water monitoring outside the environment was 3.61%, the positive rate of aquatic products monitoring was 1.53%, and the highest positive rate of frogs was 21.05%. The predominant serotype of positive strains was O1-type rice leaf type, and one enterotoxin positive from water was detected. Drug susceptibility results showed no resistance to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime. Conclusion Vibrio cholerae are found in water bodies and aquatic products in Guangzhou City. Monitoring efforts should be stepped up to understand its pollution status in time so that targeted measures can be taken to prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of cholera.