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在不同的酸溶液中加入定量苯胺单体,利用电化学恒压法制备了导电性能优良的聚苯胺薄膜,研究了以不同浓度(0.5、1、1.5、2mol/L)的盐酸、高氯酸和对甲苯磺酸为电解质溶液,苯胺在ITO导电玻璃上的聚合电压和颜色变化,并用FT IR、循环伏安和SEM研究了聚合物的结构及性能。研究表明,在不同酸掺杂下薄膜的颜色依次为黄绿色、绿色、深绿色、天蓝色和深蓝色,这是由于不同掺杂酸对阴离子大小的不同导致其分子链上电荷离域不同,从而使得聚合物的掺杂程度不同而发生不同的红移;随着使用电压的增大,溶液中导电能力增强,聚苯胺薄膜的颜色加深;随着同种酸浓度的增加,质子酸的酸性越强,苯胺的聚合电位就越低。
The polyaniline films with good conductivity were prepared by electrochemical constant pressure method. The effects of different concentrations of hydrochloric acid, perchloric acid (0.5,1,1.5,2 mol / L) And p-toluenesulfonic acid as electrolyte solution, the polymerization voltage and color change of aniline on ITO conductive glass were investigated. The structure and properties of the polymer were investigated by FT IR, cyclic voltammetry and SEM. The results show that under different acid doping, the color of the films are yellow-green, green, dark green, dark blue and dark blue, which is due to the different doping acid on the different size of the anion lead to different charge on the molecular chain, So that the polymer doped with different red shift occurs; with the use of voltage increases, the conductivity of the solution enhanced polyaniline film color deepening; with the same acid concentration increases, the acidity of the protonic acid The stronger the lower the aniline polymerization potential.