所谓解题,从根本上讲是解决问题。解决问题的心理过程有两种说法:一是试误说,就是一次又一次地尝试,犯错误,再尝试……直到成功。二是顿悟说,就是说,人们并不是盲目地尝试的,见到题目往往静思片刻,思考对路,豁然开朗。这两种说法,我认为各说了一个方面。一般说来,初学几何确有人像拿着一大串钥匙摸黑开锁,用这把钥匙试试,再摸一把试试。但多数学生不是这样,他们见了题不是贸然试笔,一般要待悟出了基本途径才动手。其实在悟的过程中,学生脑子里不时在呈现一幅又一幅的试误图。因此我认为解题过程是试误和顿悟的结合。指导解题就是将学生的思路引上正确的途径,以利缩短试误,尽 The so-called problem-solving, fundamentally solve the problem. There are two versions of the psychological process of problem solving: one is to try and mistake, that is, try it again and again, make mistakes and try again ... until it succeeds. Second, epiphany, that is, people are not blindly trying to see the subject often think quiet moment, thinking on the road, suddenly. In both cases, I think each says one aspect. In general, beginner geometry does have someone holding a long list of keys to unlock the black, use this key to try, touch a try. However, most students are not like this. When they met the questions, they did not rush to try out the pen. They generally needed to realize the basic approach before they started work. In fact, in the process of enlightenment, the students' minds are showing one after another from time to time the trial and error map. So I think the solution process is a combination of trial and error. Guiding problem solving is to guide the students' thinking to the correct way, in order to shorten the trial and error, to make