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目的分析2000~2012年安徽省人间狂犬病流行特征,探索该病在安徽省的流行规律,为针对性防控策略的提出提供理论依据。方法收集安徽省2000~2012年人间狂犬病疫情资科,采用Excel 2007和Map Info 9.5软件对其流行动态和分布特征进行分析。结果安徽省2000~2012年共报告人间狂犬病病例972例;7~10月为高发月份,占发病总数的44.2%;疫情由南向北蔓延至全省,以沿淮淮北地区为主;病例以农民、学生和散居儿童为主,分别占病例总数的66.0%、17.2%和6.3%;病例男女性别比为2.1:1,以儿童和老年人发病率较高。结论安徽省人间狂犬病以沿淮淮北地区发病较高,农村是狂犬病防控的重点地区,儿童和老年人是重点人群,应加强该地区的犬只管理和人群暴露后免疫,提高居民预防意识。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of human rabies from 2000 to 2012 in Anhui Province and to explore the prevalence of this disease in Anhui Province and to provide a theoretical basis for the targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods The epidemiological data of human rabies from 2000 to 2012 in Anhui Province were collected and the prevalence and distribution characteristics of rabies were analyzed using Excel 2007 and Map Info 9.5 software. Results A total of 972 rabies cases were reported from 2000 to 2012 in Anhui province. From July to October, they were high-incidence months, accounting for 44.2% of the total. The epidemic spread from south to north to the whole province, Peasants, students and diaspora, accounting for 66.0%, 17.2% and 6.3% respectively of the total number of cases; the male / female ratio of cases was 2.1: 1, and the incidence was high in children and the elderly. Conclusion The incidence of human rabies in Anhui Province is high along Huai-Huaibei area. Rural areas are the key areas for prevention and control of rabies. Children and the elderly are the key population. Dog population management and population immunization in this area should be strengthened to raise residents’ awareness of prevention.