论文部分内容阅读
目的分析住院患者体内假丝酵母菌属感染的菌种分布特点及耐药性,为预防与控制假丝酵母菌属感染提供依据。方法采集2005年1月—2008年12月在某院住院合并感染患者的临床标本进行假丝酵母菌属的培养鉴定及药物敏感性试验。采用科码嘉显色培养基和API 20 CAUX酵母菌鉴定系统进行假丝酵母菌属的培养和鉴定,药敏试验用ATB FUNGUS3,根据美国临床实验室标准化研究所(CLSI)制定的标准进行结果判读。结果 4年间住院患者共检出假丝酵母菌属199株,其中白色假丝酵母菌检出率最高(120株),占60.3%;其次为热带假丝酵母菌(29株),占14.6%;光滑假丝酵母菌(25株),占12.6%。药敏结果显示,假丝酵母菌属对两性霉素B、5-氟胞嘧啶、伏立康唑、氟康唑仍保持良好的敏感性,耐药率分别为2.0%,4.5%,10.1%,13.1%,对依曲康唑的耐药性较高,耐药率为23.6%。结论住院患者假丝酵母菌属感染以白色假丝酵母菌为主,假丝酵母菌属对抗真菌药物有不同程度的耐药,其中对依曲康唑耐药率最高,对两性霉素B耐药率最低,但其毒性较大。应加强对假丝酵母菌属感染的危险因素分析,合理使用抗菌药物,减少不必要的诊疗操作,预防与控制假丝酵母菌属的感染。
Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics and drug resistance of Candida infections in hospitalized patients and provide basis for prevention and control of Candida infections. Methods The clinical specimens of patients with in-hospital infection in a hospital from January 2005 to December 2008 were collected for the identification and drug susceptibility testing of Candida. The culture and identification of Candida species were carried out by using Kekejia chromogenic medium and API 20 CAUX yeast identification system. The antibiotic susceptibility test was performed according to the criteria established by the American Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) using ATB FUNGUS3 Interpretation. Results A total of 199 Candida species were detected in hospitalized patients within 4 years, of which Candida albicans was the highest (120 strains), accounting for 60.3%, followed by Candida tropicalis (29 strains), accounting for 14.6% ; Candida glabrata (25 strains), accounting for 12.6%. The susceptibility results showed that Candida species maintained good sensitivity to amphotericin B, 5-fluorocytosine, voriconazole and fluconazole with resistance rates of 2.0%, 4.5%, 10.1%, 13.1% , The higher the drug resistance of itraconazole, the resistance rate was 23.6%. Conclusions Candida albicans infection in hospitalized patients is mainly Candida albicans, Candida species is resistant to antifungal drugs to varying degrees, among which the drug resistance to itraconazole is the highest, and the resistance to amphotericin B The lowest rate, but its toxicity. Should strengthen the analysis of risk factors for Candida infections, rational use of antimicrobial agents, reduce unnecessary diagnosis and treatment operations, prevention and control of Candida infections.