【四氯化碳】本品广泛用作溶剂和干洗液,有时用于消防,偶亦用于驱虫。通常都是由于吸入(在封闭空间内吸入更为加剧)和吞服。乙醇可使其毒性加剧,也许是由于它使药物代谢酶活力增强致使乙氯甲酸转化增多的缘故。此物为脂溶性,在组织脂库中以及脑和骨髓中浓缩;无论四氯化碳本身或其代谢物,都对肝和肾实质有直接毒性作用,致使肝小叶中心坏死,肾小管上皮变性(近端比远端为重)。 【Carbon tetrachloride】 This product is widely used as solvent and dry-cleaning fluid, sometimes used in fire fighting and even used in deworming. Usually due to inhalation (inhalation in the enclosed space is more aggravating) and swallowing. Ethanol may aggravate its toxicity, perhaps due to the increased conversion of ethylchloroformate due to the increased activity of drug-metabolizing enzymes. This material is liposoluble and is concentrated in the tissue lipids as well as in the brain and bone marrow; both carbon tetrachloride itself or its metabolites have a direct toxic effect on the liver and kidney parenchyma, resulting in hepatic lobule center necrosis, tubular epithelial degeneration (Proximal end is heavier than distal end).