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[目的]为合理调整半干旱区玉米不同生育时期的田间管理手段,以提高高种植密度下玉米植株群体产量及群体光能利用效率提供理论依据。[方法]以4个玉米品种(郑单958、先玉335、农华101、吉单198)为试验材料,在吉林省半干旱区,针对种植密度(3.0万、4.5万、6.0万、7.5万、9.0万株/hm2)与灌浆期各光合因素间的相互关系进行了试验,对灌浆期各时间段主要限制因素进行分析。[结果]在灌浆期内不同时间段,种植密度对蒸腾速率、CO2气孔导度、叶绿素、叶面积指数(LAI)的影响不同。在抽雄期至吐丝后45 d,种植密度与叶片蒸腾速率、叶绿素含量、雌穗干重呈显著或极显著负相关,与LAI呈极显著正相关。[结论]在吉林省半干旱区,在一定种植密度范围内,增加种植密度,有利于调节各光合因素间的相互作用,促进光、温、气等资源的利用,有助于提高净光合速率和增加光合物质的合成。
[Objective] The research aimed to provide theoretical basis for field adjustment of corn maize in different growth stages in a semi-arid area, and to improve the yield of maize plant under high planting density and the utilization efficiency of population light energy. [Method] With 4 maize varieties (Zhengdan 958, Xiangyu 335, Nonghua 101 and Jidan 198) as test materials, the planting density (30,000, 45,000, 60,000, 7.5 Million, 90,000 plants / hm2) and photosynthesis factors during grain filling were tested, and the main limiting factors of filling time were analyzed. [Result] The effects of planting density on transpiration rate, stomatal conductance of CO2, chlorophyll and leaf area index (LAI) were different in different time periods during filling period. 45 days after tasseling, there was a significant or very significant negative correlation between plant density and leaf transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, and dry weight of ear, and had a significant positive correlation with LAI. [Conclusion] Increasing planting density in semi-arid area of Jilin Province could increase the planting density and adjust the photosynthesis, promote the utilization of light, temperature, gas and other resources, and increase the net photosynthetic rate And increase photosynthetic material synthesis.