正字,指矫正字形,使之符合书写(或拼写)规范。任何一种文字都有正字法,方块汉字正字法的内容主要是纠正错别字,反对滥造简化字。汉字是音、义、形三个基本因素的结合体。正字的依据是建立在学生识记音、义、形这三个因素及它们之间紧密联系的基础上,诚如鲁迅先生指出的:“诵习一字当识形音义三:口诵耳闻其音,目察其形,心通其义。三识并用,一字之功乃全”。在语文教学中,常用的正字法大略有下面几种: 根据字形的特征,编成精当的歌诀,辅以生动有趣的讲述,使学生容易记忆。清人章炳麟说: Orthographic, orthographic correction, to make it consistent with writing (or spelling) specification. Any kind of writing has an orthographic character. The orthographic character of the square Chinese character is mainly to correct the typos and oppose abusive simplification. Chinese characters are the combination of three basic elements of tone, meaning and form. The orthographic basis is based on the three factors of the students’ awareness, righteousness and form, as well as the close relationship between them. Just as Lu Xun pointed out, "When reading a word, Tone, observe its shape, heart Tongyi its righteousness. In Chinese teaching, there are several commonly used orthographic methods: according to the characteristics of the glyphs, they are compiled into exquisite songs, supplemented by vivid and interesting narration to make the students easy to remember. Qing Ping Zhang Lin said: