N-of-1试验具有应用于医疗相关经济学评价的潜力,但其尚处于探索阶段。在精准医学时代,能够精确估计患者疗效和花费的优势有利于N-of-1试验在经济学评价领域的推广和应用。本文介绍了N-of-1试验用于医疗相关经济学评价的必要性、可行性、指标选择、计算及影响因素,为研究者开展相关研究提供参考依据。 The N-of-1 trial has the potential to be used in medical-related economics, but it is still in its exploratory stage. In the era of precision medicine, the ability to accurately estimate patient efficacy and cost advantage is beneficial to the promotion and application of N-of-1 in the field of economic evaluation. This paper introduces the necessity, feasibility, index selection, calculation and influencing factors of N-of-1 test for medical related economic evaluation, and provides reference for researchers to carry out relevant research.