近年来头痛研究吸引着神经科学家们的注意，并正经历着空前的进步，已开发了许多研究头痛的新模式，5－HT1D激动剂已经成功地用于偏头痛的治疗。本文介绍了这方面的进展，着重讨论了各种头痛的动物模型与实验性人类头痛模型，且从功能、分子生物学、病理生理学与遗传学的角度进行了讨论。 Headache research has drawn the attention of neuroscientists in recent years and is undergoing unprecedented advances. Many new models for studying headaches have been developed. 5-HT1D agonists have been successfully used in the treatment of migraine. This article presents the advances in this area, focusing on animal models of headaches and experimental human headache models, and discusses them from the perspectives of function, molecular biology, pathophysiology and genetics.