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随着年龄的增长,肾脏结构和功能的老龄化,肾脏的自身调节能力下降,老年人急性肾损伤(AKI)的发病率显著增加。AKI是导致老年住院患者病死率增加、住院时间延长及行肾脏替代治疗的主要危险因素之一,与老年人的预后密切相关。尽管医疗水平不断进步,AKI的预后仍然不乐观,尤其在重症监护病房,重症AKI患者非常常见。由于目前缺乏有效预防和治疗AKI的药物,血液净化技术仍然是治疗重症AKI的主要手段。该文主要介绍老年AKI的特点及防治策略,以期为临床医生在处理老年AKI患者时提供实用性指导和帮助。
With age, the structure and function of the kidneys aging, renal self-regulatory capacity decreased, the incidence of acute kidney injury in the elderly (AKI) increased significantly. AKI is one of the major risk factors leading to increased mortality, hospital stay and renal replacement therapy in elderly patients, which is closely related to the prognosis of the elderly. Despite the medical advances, the prognosis of AKI is still not optimistic, especially in intensive care unit and patients with severe AKI are very common. Due to the current lack of effective prevention and treatment of AKI drugs, blood purification is still the treatment of severe AKI the main means. This article mainly introduces the characteristics of elderly AKI and its prevention and treatment strategies in order to provide practical guidance and help to clinicians in the treatment of elderly patients with AKI.