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由于近几年可再生能源成本大幅降低和投资急剧增加,拉美国家的可再生能源迅猛发展。从产业规制的角度看,公共政策支持对拉美国家的可再生能源发展起到了重要的作用。拉美国家普遍制定了可再生能源发展的目标,扶持可再生能源的政策措施主要包括拍卖制、净计量、上网电价、配额制及财政激励。尽管拉美地区可再生能源发展绩效显著,但未来可再生能源发展依然面临技术障碍、市场障碍和社会障碍。为了消除这些障碍,需要保证政策长期稳定和有效、发挥政府的作用、激发企业的主动性、获得社会的认可并鼓励可再生能源并入国家电网,同时建立各利益相关者共同参与的机制。拉美国家可再生能源发展的最佳实践包括关注可再生能源目标的法律化、形成完备的政策工具体系、完善基础设施、加强公共和私人部门的合作、提供资金支持、实行严格的安全监管制度、提高公众的参与程度等方面。
Due to the drastic reduction of the cost of renewable energy and the sharp increase of investment in recent years, the renewable energy in Latin American countries has been developing rapidly. From the perspective of industrial regulation, public policy support plays an important role in the development of renewable energy in Latin American countries. Latin American countries generally set the goal of renewable energy development. Policies and measures to support renewable energy mainly include auction system, net metering, feed-in tariffs, quotas and fiscal incentives. Despite the significant performance of renewable energy development in Latin America, future development of renewable energy still faces technical barriers, market barriers and social barriers. In order to eliminate these obstacles, policies need to be guaranteed for a long time to be stable and effective, to play the role of government, to stimulate business initiative, gain social recognition and to encourage renewable energy to be incorporated into the national grid while establishing mechanisms for the participation of all stakeholders. Best practices in developing renewable energy in Latin America include focusing on the legalization of renewable energy goals, forming a complete system of policy instruments, improving infrastructure, strengthening public-private partnerships, providing financial support, implementing stringent safety regulatory regimes, Improve public participation and so on.