目的探讨慢性结核性脓胸合并恶性肿瘤的临床与影像学表现。方法对我院发现经病理证实的3例慢性结核性脓胸合并恶性肿瘤病例进行影像分析,并复习相关文献。结果胸片及CT均示患侧胸膜增厚、钙化,脓胸肺侧出现软组织肿块,肿块与脓胸壁连续移行,该处钙化影移位、散开、减少、中断,肿块密度较均匀(1例)或欠均匀(2例)。结论慢性结核性脓胸合并恶性肿瘤的影像表现有一定特征性,尤其钙化影改变、软组织块的出现及胸壁脂肪界面不清,更有诊断价值。 Objective To investigate the clinical and imaging findings of chronic tuberculous empyema complicated with malignant tumor. Methods Three cases of chronic tuberculous empyema complicated with malignant tumor confirmed by pathology in our hospital were analyzed, and the related literatures were reviewed. Results Chest radiograph and CT showed that the side of the pleural thickening, calcification, empyema appeared on the lung side of the soft tissue mass, mass and empyema wall continuous migration, the calcification of the shift, spread, reduce, interrupt, the mass density more uniform Cases) or less uniform (2 cases). Conclusion The manifestations of chronic tuberculous empyema complicated with malignant tumor have certain characteristics, especially the change of calcification, the appearance of soft tissue mass and the unclear interface of fat in chest wall, which is more valuable for diagnosis.