论文部分内容阅读
本研究采用室内控制培养和室外人工接种的方法较为系统地探讨丁黑龙江省密虎地区大豆灰斑病初侵染来源与病菌侵染条件,试验结果表明病菌在病残体和种子中越冬,为次年初侵染的来源。放置于仓库和地表堆积病残体比埋入地下病残体产孢量多。随着时间的顺延,越冬后病残体产孢量和孢子萌发率也逐渐下降。分生孢子萌发温度范围12～35℃,最适温度20～25℃;在24℃温度条件下,病菌孢子置于相对湿度90％环境中6 h才能萌发,在水滴小萌发率最高;孢子萌发的pH值范围3～9,最适pH6～7;光对孢子萌发无显著影响。在13～30℃范围内病菌均能侵入寄主发病,在最适温度21～25℃范围内保湿6～8 h病菌即可顺利完成侵入寄主过程。在15～20℃温度范围内,病菌在寄主叶片潜育期为4～15d,荚部潜育期17～24d,温度越高潜育期越短,籽粒感病率越高。大豆植株体代谢旺盛的叶片和大于1cm的荚最易感病,而幼嫩和老化组织不易感病。
In this study, the methods of indoor control cultivation and outdoor artificial inoculation were used to systematically explore the sources of primary infection and pathogen inoculation of soybean leaf spot in the Mihugong area of Ding-Heilongjiang Province. The results showed that the overwintering pathogen Early next year the source of infection. Placed in the warehouse and the surface of the accumulation of residual disease than the underground disease residual body spores and more. With the extension of time, after the winter sick spores and spore germination rate also decreased. The conidial germination temperature ranged from 12 ℃ to 35 ℃ and the optimum temperature was from 20 ℃ to 25 ℃. Under the condition of 24 ℃, spores germinated within 90% relative humidity for 6 h, The pH range of 3 to 9, the optimum pH6 ~ 7; light spore germination no significant effect. In the 13 ~ 30 ℃ range of pathogens can invade the host disease in the optimum temperature range of 21 ~ 25 ℃ moist 6 to 8 h bacteria can successfully complete the invasion of the host process. In the temperature range of 15 ~ 20 ℃, the latent period of host bacteria was 4-15 days in the host leaves and 17-24 days in the pod part. The higher the temperature was, the shorter the incubation period was and the higher the susceptibility rate was. Soybean body metabolism and leaves more than 1cm thick pods most susceptible to disease, while young and aging tissue is not susceptible to disease.