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为探究不同土地利用类型和人类活动方式下西南典型岩溶地下河的水文地球化学特征,以地质背景相似的重庆青木关和老龙洞地下河为例,从月动态、单场降雨动态两个尺度,利用独立样本t检验、主成分分析(PCA)等方法对两岩溶地下河出口姜家泉、老龙洞的水文地球化学特征及其影响因素进行对比研究.结果表明,姜家泉与老龙洞的Ca~(2+)、HCO_3~-、Mg~(2+)、K~+、NO_3~-、Na~+、SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-、电导率等差异显著,姜家泉K+、NO-3的月动态变化幅度和浓度均值大于老龙洞,Na~+、SO_4~(2-)、Cl~-的月动态变化幅度和浓度均值则小于老龙洞.由PCA分析可知,水-岩作用对两岩溶地下河水的水化学特征及变化都起重要作用,但青木关主要受农业活动影响,老龙洞则主要受城镇活动、工业活动影响.由于人类活动影响方式和程度的差异,两岩溶地下河对单场降雨的响应也不同,姜家泉各指标变化与流量变化高度一致,老龙洞各指标的变化相对无序.青木关水化学特征的动态变化受水土流失、农业活动影响较大,水-岩作用次之.老龙洞则主要受到水-岩作用的影响,受城镇活动、工业活动、水土流失作用的影响也较明显.
In order to explore the hydrogeochemical characteristics of the typical southwestern karst underground river under different land use types and human activities, taking the Qinghaiguan and Laolongdong underground rivers in Chongqing with similar geological backgrounds as an example, from two aspects of monthly dynamic and single rainfall dynamic, The hydrogeochemical characteristics of Jiangjiaquan and Laolongdong at the exit of two karst underground rivers and their influencing factors were compared by means of independent sample t-test, principal component analysis (PCA) and other methods.The results showed that Jiangjiaquan and Laolongdong Ca ~ (2+ ), HCO_3 ~ -, Mg ~ (2 +), K ~ +, NO_3 ~ -, Na ~ +, SO_4 ~ (2 -), Cl ~ The dynamic change amplitude and concentration mean value are greater than that of Laolong Cave, and the monthly dynamic amplitude and concentration mean of Na ~ +, SO_4 ~ (2 -) and Cl ~ - are less than that of Laolongdong.According to PCA analysis, water- The chemical characteristics and changes of river water play an important role, but Aokhuguan is mainly affected by agricultural activities, while Laolongdong is mainly affected by urban activities and industrial activities.Because of differences in the way and extent of human activities, The response to rainfall is also different, Jiang Jiaquan various indicators change And the change of flow are highly consistent, and the change of each index of Laolongdong is relatively disorderly.The dynamic change of the chemical characteristics of Aokiuan water is more affected by soil erosion and agriculture activities, followed by the effect of water-rock.The Laolongdong is mainly affected by water-rock The effect is affected by the urban activities, industrial activities and water and soil loss.