碎屑沉积体系的物理模拟是研究沉积过程的重要手段 ,也是预测油气储集砂体分布的有效方法之一。沉积过程的相似性是物理模拟成败的关键 ,为此模拟实验必须满足相似理论的基本要求。保持原型与模型沉积过程相似的基本理论是几何相似、运动相似及动力相似以及由此推导出的颗粒悬浮相似、颗粒运动相似和河床变形相似 3个基本准则。某些相似条件在实验过程中不可能同时满足 ,此时应考虑满足影响沉积过程的主要条件。符合实际的地质模型和物理模型的建立是正确开展物理模拟的基础。在模型指导下的实验方案的确定是模拟实验的主要环节 The physical simulation of clastic sedimentary system is an important method to study the deposition process and is also an effective method to predict the distribution of oil and gas reservoir sand body. The similarity of deposition process is the key to the success or failure of physical simulation. For this reason, the simulation experiment must meet the basic requirements of similar theory. The basic theory of keeping the prototype similar to the deposition process of the model is geometric similarity, similar motion and dynamic similarity, and the three basic principles of particle suspension similarity, particle motion similarity and riverbed deformation similarity derived therefrom. Some similar conditions can not be satisfied at the same time in the experiment. In this case, the main conditions that affect the deposition process should be considered. The establishment of a realistic geological model and physical model is the basis for the proper physical simulation. The experimental scheme under the guidance of the model is the main part of the simulation experiment