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贵金属作为车用三效催化剂的主要催化活性组分,在净化汽车排放废气中发挥着重要作用。然而,贵金属在其前体化合物,即前驱体中的价态、贵金属与配体的键合强度、吸附在负载材料上的浸渍液pH值及其中是否存在其它离子等,都会直接影响活化处理后贵金属在负载材料上的分散程度及前驱体与负载材料之间的相互作用,从而影响催化剂的催化活性、高温稳定性、耐久性等性能指标。通过综述贵金属前驱体国内外研究进展,阐明贵金属前驱体的类型及其应用条件会对催化剂性能产生显著影响,认为充分利用这些特性对指导开发更高性价比新型催化材料具有重要意义。
Precious metals, as the main catalytically active component of three-way catalysts for vehicles, play an important role in purifying the exhaust gases emitted by vehicles. However, the valence of the noble metal in its precursor compound, ie, the precursor, the bonding strength between the noble metal and the ligand, the pH of the impregnating solution adsorbed on the supporting material and the presence or absence of other ions therein, will directly affect the activation process The degree of dispersion of noble metal on the supported material and the interaction between the precursor and the supported material affect the catalyst performance such as catalytic activity, high temperature stability and durability. Through reviewing the research progress of noble metal precursors both at home and abroad, it is concluded that the types of noble metal precursors and their application conditions will have a significant impact on the catalyst performance. It is of great significance to make full use of these characteristics in guiding the development of new catalytic materials of higher cost performance.