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为促进农业有机废弃物料的循环利用,选用来自5个涉农系统的有机物料(酒渣、沼渣、菌渣、猪粪和农田秸秆)进行还田,以单施化肥为对照研究其对土壤有机碳(Soil organic carbon,SOC)、微生物量碳(Microbial carbon,MBC)以及微生物商(Microbial quotient,Qmb)的影响。2011—2013年的数据结果表明:1)与无机肥对照相比,有机物料还田显著促进土壤SOC的积累,3年平均提高43%;其中沼渣和菌渣的效果好于猪粪、酒渣与秸秆,农田系统外的有机物料优于秸秆,更有利于SOC的积累。2)有机物料促进MBC的增加,较对照平均增加34%,其中酒渣、秸秆和猪粪对MBC的影响大于沼渣与菌渣。3)5种物料中,酒渣和秸秆还田提高土壤Qmb值;沼渣和菌渣还田降低土壤Qmb值,提高SOC的稳定性。
In order to promote the recycling of agricultural organic waste materials, five organic farming systems (residue, biogas residue, bacteria residue, pig manure and farmland straw) Soil organic carbon (SOC), Microbial carbon (MBC) and Microbial quotient (Qmb). The results from 2011 to 2013 show that: 1) Compared with the inorganic fertilizer control, the return of organic material significantly promoted the accumulation of soil SOC, with an average increase of 43% in 3 years. The effect of biogas residue and bacteria residue was better than pig manure and wine Slag and straw, organic matter outside the farmland system is better than straw, more conducive to the accumulation of SOC. 2) Organic materials promoted the increase of MBC, which increased by 34% on average compared with the control. Among them, the influence of residue, straw and pig manure on MBC was greater than that of biogas residue and bacteria residue. 3) Among the five kinds of materials, residue and straw returning increased Qmb value of soil; biogas residue and residue returning reduced soil Qmb value and improved SOC stability.