本文报道在农村区、乡两级卫生院进行甲状腺切除手术37例。其中28例为地方性甲状腺肿(Ⅲ度以上者占78.6％,4例并有继发性甲亢),9例原发性甲亢。1例继发性甲亢术中发生大出血,另1例甲亢术后出现室颤,导致心搏骤停,2例均经抢救脱险,全组无死亡。文中强调了术前准备、术中监护与术后密切观察的重要性,提出改进手术切口与手术操作步骤,以及防治术后并发症的体会,并介绍了术中控制大出血的应急措施。 This article reports 37 cases of thyroidectomy in rural and rural hospitals. Among them, 28 cases were endemic goiter (78.6% of those above grade III, 4 cases had secondary hyperthyroidism), and 9 cases of primary hyperthyroidism. One case of secondary hyperthyroidism had major hemorrhage and the other had ventricular fibrillation after the onset of hyperthyroidism, which led to cardiac arrest. Both cases were rescued and the whole group had no death. This article emphasizes the importance of preoperative preparation, intraoperative monitoring and close observation after surgery. It proposes improvement of surgical incision and surgical procedures, as well as prevention and treatment of postoperative complications, and introduces emergency measures to control major bleeding during the procedure.