一、前言凿岩机具中的钻(钎)头,在采掘工业中起着重要作用。七十年代以前,我国中、小直径钻头主要使用苏联四十年代老一字钻头,效率低,寿命短,每年要消耗1千万个以上,浪费了大量人力、物力。随着采掘工业的发展,高效、大功率凿岩机的应用,对凿岩钻头要求越来越高。我国一些重点建设工程在进口钻机的同时,常常要花 I. Introduction Drilling (drilling) heads in rock drilling machines play an important role in the mining industry. Before the seventies, China’s small and medium-diameter drill bits mainly used the old one-bit drill bits from the 1940s in the Soviet Union, which were inefficient and short in service life. They consumed over 10 million units each year, and wasted a great deal of manpower and material resources. With the development of extractive industries, the application of high-efficiency and high-power rockdrills has become increasingly demanding for rock drills. Some key construction projects in China, while importing rigs, often spend