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［ 背景］Ｃ１ｑ 肾病较少见．［ 病例报告］ 患者，男性，４０ 岁，颜面浮肿１５ｄ，双下肢浮肿、胸闷、尿少５ｄ．尿蛋白强阳性，尿潜血强阳性，尿蛋白３ ．５ｇ／ｄ，尿细菌培养阴性；血免疫球蛋白Ｇ１０－８ｇ／Ｌ，免疫球蛋白Ａ１－２５ｇ／Ｌ，免疫球蛋白Ｍ１ ．４３ｇ／Ｌ，补体Ｃ３ １ ．２ｇ／Ｌ，尿纤维蛋白降解产物２ｍｇ／Ｌ．肾活检：光学显微镜下系膜细胞及基质轻度增生，肾小管内可见颗粒管型；荧光镜：Ｃ１ｑ 强阳性，Ｃ３ 弱阳性，免疫球蛋白Ｇ、免疫球蛋白Ｍ、免疫球蛋白Ａ、纤维蛋白阴性；电子显微镜：上皮细胞足突广泛融合，肾小球基底膜肥厚，上皮细胞破坏较重．经１ 个多月治疗，尿蛋白转阴，尿素氮水平降至正常，临床治愈出院．［ 讨论］ 本例结合肾活检所见确定诊断
[Background] C1q nephropathy is rare. [Case Report] Patients, male, 40 years old, facial swelling 15d, lower extremity edema, chest tightness, oliguria 5d. Strongly urinary protein, urinary occult strong positive urine protein 3. 5g / d, urine bacterial culture negative; blood immunoglobulin G10-8g / L, immunoglobulin A1-25g / L, immunoglobulin M1. 43 g / L, complement C3 1. 2g / L, urine fibrin degradation products 2mg / L. Renal biopsy: Mild mesangial cells and matrix hyperplasia under microscope and granular tube in renal tubules; Fluoroscope: C1q positive, C3 weak positive, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin A, fiber Protein negative; electron microscopy: extensive fusion of epithelial foot processes, glomerular basement membrane hypertrophy, epithelial cell damage heavier. After more than one month of treatment, urinary protein was negative, urea nitrogen levels dropped to normal, clinical cure and discharge. [Discussion] This case combined with renal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis