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传感器节点体积微小,通常携带能量十分有限的电池。由于传感器节点个数多,成本要求低廉,分布区域广,而且部署区域环境复杂,有些区域甚至是人员不能到达的,所以传感器节点通过更换电池的方式来补充能量是不现实的。如何高效使用能量来最大化网路的生命周期是无线传感器网络面临的首要挑战。为了提高网络的寿命,目前人们已经提出了很多基于网络层的路由协议。比较研究了传感器网络现有的路由协议,参考LEACH分簇算法和MTP协议,提出了一种在MTP协议基础上将LEACH分簇思想引入进来的改进方法,即在基于能量强度将网络节点分层后,再在各层上进行簇区分,均衡各传感器节点的能量来提高网络的寿命。实验表明该路由算法可提高网络寿命。
Sensor nodes are small and usually carry batteries with very limited energy. Due to the large number of sensor nodes, low cost requirements, wide distribution area, complex deployment area environment and some areas even personnel can not reach, it is unrealistic for sensor nodes to replace energy by replacing batteries. How to use energy efficiently to maximize the life cycle of the network is the number one challenge for wireless sensor networks. In order to improve the life of the network, at present, many network layer-based routing protocols have been proposed. A comparative study of the existing routing protocols in sensor networks and the reference to LEACH clustering algorithm and MTP protocol are proposed. An improved method of introducing LEACH clustering based on MTP protocol is proposed. That is, based on the energy intensity, network nodes are layered After that, cluster differentiation is performed on each layer to balance the energy of each sensor node to improve the network lifetime. Experiments show that the routing algorithm can improve the network lifetime.