捷克斯洛伐克铁路在国家经济中发挥着重要的作用,并且已有150多年的历史,特别是在近十年中得到了很大的发展。经济的增长要求提高铁路运输效率。表1列出了1950～1985年运量不断增长的数字,五年中货物周转量大约增长了三倍,旅客周转量增加了25％。捷铁路承担货运量的74％。在上述五年间,客运量有所减少,这是因为汽车运输业的发展和私人汽车的增加,但最近几年铁路客运量已经达到稳定。铁路网线路总长增加了9％,双线大约 Czechoslovakia’s railway plays an important role in the national economy and has a history of more than 150 years. In particular, it has made great strides in the past decade. Economic growth requires improving the efficiency of railway transport. Table 1 shows the increasing volume of traffic from 1950 to 1985. Cargo turnover has tripled in five years and passenger turnover has increased by 25%. Czech railway to bear the volume of 74%. During the above five years, the passenger traffic decreased, due to the development of the automobile transport industry and the increase of private cars. However, the railway passenger traffic has reached a stable level in recent years. The total length of railway network lines increased by 9%, about two lines